W.E.B. Du Bois

American · 1868–1963

American sociologist, historian, and civil rights activist whose concept of double consciousness and prophetic analysis of the color line shaped the intellectual foundations of the modern civil rights movement.

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“The problem of the twentieth century is the problem of the color-line — the relation of the darker to the lighter races of men in Asia and Africa, in America and the islands of the sea.”

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“It is a peculiar sensation, this double-consciousness, this sense of always looking at one's self through the eyes of others, of measuring one's soul by the tape of a world that looks on in amused contempt and pity.”

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“One ever feels his two-ness — an American, a Negro; two souls, two thoughts, two unreconciled strivings; two warring ideals in one dark body, whose dogged strength alone keeps it from being torn asunder.”

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“Herein lies the tragedy of the age: not that men are poor — all men know something of poverty; not that men are wicked — who is good? Not that men are ignorant — what is truth? Nay, but that men know so little of men.”

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“The worker must work for the glory of his handiwork, not simply for pay; the thinker must think for truth, not for fame.”

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“The cost of liberty is less than the price of repression.”

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“Either the United States will destroy ignorance or ignorance will destroy the United States.”

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