张夏准

韩裔英国人 · 1963–

韩裔英国经济学家,以批判自由市场正统观念和倡导异端经济政策(包括产业政策在发展中的作用)著称。

维基百科 ↗

“Virtually all of today's rich countries used protectionist policies and other forms of government intervention to develop their economies. Having climbed to the top, they then kicked away the ladder by which they had risen, preaching free trade and free markets to developing nations.”

英语

“几乎所有当今的富裕国家都曾使用保护主义政策和其他形式的政府干预来发展经济。在攀上顶峰之后,他们便踢掉了自己赖以攀升的梯子,转而向发展中国家鼓吹自由贸易和自由市场。”

富国的伪善

“There is no such thing as a free market. Every market has some rules and boundaries that restrict freedom of choice. A market looks free only because we so unconditionally accept its underlying restrictions that we fail to see them.”

英语

“不存在所谓的自由市场。每个市场都有限制选择自由的某些规则和边界。一个市场看起来自由,只是因为我们如此无条件地接受了其背后的限制,以至于看不到它们。”

“People 'over-invest' in a college degree because the 'torture premium' in the labour market correctly penalizes them for not having what is, in effect, a very expensive signalling device.”

英语

“人们对大学文凭"过度投资",是因为劳动力市场中的"折磨溢价"正确地惩罚了他们没有拥有这一实际上非常昂贵的信号装置。”

“Making rich people richer doesn't make the rest of us richer. Despite the fact that we now have the richest people in history, the vast majority in the rich countries have seen their incomes stagnate.”

英语

“让富人更富并不会让我们其余人更富。尽管我们现在拥有历史上最富有的人,但富裕国家的绝大多数人已看到自己的收入停滞不前。”

“Once you realize that trickle-down economics does not work, you will see the excessive tax cuts for the rich as what they are — a simple upward redistribution of income, rather than a way to make us all richer.”

英语

“一旦你认识到涓滴经济学不管用,你就会看清对富人的过度减税的本质——它只是一种简单的收入向上再分配,而非让我们所有人都更富有的方式。”

“The free market doesn't exist. What we have are different degrees of regulation, different ways of organizing economic activity. The question is not whether to regulate, but how.”

英语

“自由市场并不存在。我们所拥有的是不同程度的监管、不同的经济活动组织方式。问题不在于是否监管,而在于如何监管。”

“Economics is a political argument. It is not — and can never be — a science; there are no objective truths in economics that can be established independently of political, and frequently moral, judgements.”

英语

“经济学是一种政治论辩。它不是——也永远不可能是——一门科学;经济学中没有可以独立于政治判断(而且往往是道德判断)而确立的客观真理。”

经济学使用指南