“Nations fail because their extractive economic institutions do not create the incentives needed for people to save, invest, and innovate. Extractive political institutions support these economic institutions by cementing the power of those who benefit from the extraction.”
英语
“国家之所以失败，是因为其榨取性经济制度没有创造出激励人们储蓄、投资和创新的动力。榨取性政治制度通过巩固那些从榨取中获益者的权力来支撑这些经济制度。”
“Inclusive economic institutions are forged on foundations laid by inclusive political institutions, which broadly distribute power in society and constrain its arbitrary exercise. Such political institutions also make it harder for others to usurp power and undermine the foundations of inclusive institutions.”
英语
“包容性经济制度建立在包容性政治制度所奠定的基础之上，后者在社会中广泛分配权力并约束其任意行使。这种政治制度也使他人更难篡夺权力和破坏包容性制度的根基。”
“Growth under extractive institutions differs in nature from growth under inclusive institutions. Most importantly, it is not sustained. By their very nature, extractive institutions do not foster creative destruction and generate at best only a limited amount of technological progress.”
英语
“榨取性制度下的增长与包容性制度下的增长在本质上不同。最重要的是，它不可持续。从本质上说，榨取性制度不会促进创造性破坏，充其量只能产生有限的技术进步。”
“There is no necessity for a society to develop or adopt the institutions that are best for economic growth or the welfare of its citizens, because other institutions may be even better for those who control politics and political institutions.”
英语
“一个社会没有必然理由去发展或采纳最有利于经济增长或公民福祉的制度，因为其他制度对于那些控制政治和政治制度的人来说可能更为有利。”
“The central problem of politics in many developing countries is that those in power have strong incentives to maintain extractive institutions — not because they are unaware of the costs to society but because they reap personal benefits.”
英语
“许多发展中国家的核心政治问题在于，当权者有强烈的激励去维持榨取性制度——并非因为他们不知道这对社会的代价，而是因为他们从中获取了个人利益。”
“Technology is not destiny. The choices that societies and their leaders make about technology determine whether it leads to shared prosperity or deepens inequality and erodes democracy.”
英语
“技术不是宿命。社会及其领导者对技术做出的选择，决定了技术是通向共同繁荣，还是加深不平等并侵蚀民主。”
“The history of technology is not one of relentless progress benefiting everyone. It is a history of choices, contested visions, and struggles over who gains and who loses.”
英语
“技术的历史并非一部惠及所有人的不懈进步史。它是一部关于选择、对立愿景以及谁得谁失的斗争史。”